Name: FLÁVIA DE AZEVEDO MONTEIRO
Publication date: 30/09/2014
Advisor:
Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| NELSON PÔRTO RIBEIRO | Advisor * |
Examining board:
| Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| NELSON PÔRTO RIBEIRO | Advisor * |
Summary: The History and Heritage of health is every material or immaterial assets that can express the individual and collective health process, in its scientific, historic and cultural dimensions. When Brazil became one of the members of the Latin-America Network of Healths Heritage and History, through the Health Ministry and the Oswaldo Cruzs House, it began the improvement of the studies about the history of medicine and hospital architecture, seeking also the protection and preservation of these memories. The 19th century is characterized by the construction of buildings designated to control and to exclude the poverty. These buildings were: the Correction House, the Hospital of Mercy, the Pedro Seconds Hospice, the Mendicants Asylum and Abandoned Childrens Institutes. The buildings mentioned above, it was selected three of them to study in this research. These three, the House of Mercy, the Pedro Seconds Hospice and the Mendicants Asylum, are protected by the Heritage federal law. The House of Mercy was constructed in 1840-1852 by the medicines modern concepts. The building still has the healthy use and has a good condition in the front of the hospital. Although, its internal conditions are very bad, with lack of healthiness and hygiene. The House of Mercy is a grand Hospital that does a lot of ambulatory care, surgeries and hospitalization. The Pedro Seconds Hospice was created to take care of the 19th crazies. The neoclassical style and the buildings monumental transformed the Hospice into de Palace of Fools. The hospice worked until 1944 and four years later the building was transferred to the Brazilian University, which changes the hospice to educational use. The construction has a good condition, except for the Chapel that was destroyed on fire in 2011. The Palace of Fools became the University Palace, changing its identity through the architectural changes. The Mendicants Asylum was created in 1876 to close and finish the healthcare pentagon. The Panoptic building seeks the perfect observation of the interns. The construction was an Asylum through the end of 19th century and the beginning of 20th century, when it was transformed in the San Francisco de Assis Hospital. Later, in that century, the hospital became a Teaching Hospital, connected to the Brazilians University. The Teaching hospital worked until 1978, when it was closed. The building lost its use, until 1988, when the Hospital became to work again, as a public hospital to the poverty. This Hospital is the one that has the worst architectural condition. This research proved that the most important thing in the preservation subject is the uninterrupted use of the architecture, whatever the use is. The new uses must be suitable with the building characteristics and abilities. Through the renovations and appropriated architectural plans, the 19th century hospitals, that today are the heath heritage, can be a technological health building, holding to its original or similar use. The old hospitals can be buildings focused on the peoples health.
